当前位置：首页 > 过刊浏览->2026年第52卷第4期
基于电化学与注CO2耦合的稠油采出水除硬工艺
Hardness removal process for produced water from heavy oil based on coupling technology of electrochemistry and CO2 injection
浏览(5) 下载(0)
- DOI:
- 作者:
- 韩晓柱
Han Xiaozhu
- 作者单位:
- 关键词:
- 稠油采出水；深度除硬；电化学；二氧化碳；注汽锅炉
produced water from heavy oil; deep hardness removal; electrochemistry; carbon dioxide; steam injection boiler
- 摘要:
- 稠油采出水的高硬度是制约其回用于注汽锅炉的核心瓶颈，为此提出一种电化学与注CO2
相耦合的除
硬工艺。以某油田稠油采出水为研究对象，利用隔膜电解槽系统，分析注CO2
除硬度的可行性，优化电流密
度、曝气速率和水力停留时间等关键参数，并开展处理规模为5 m3/h的现场中试实验，验证耦合除硬工艺的稳
定性与经济性。结果显示，CO2
可将沉淀路径从生成氢氧化物转变为生成碳酸盐，除硬率有所提升；最优参数
为电流密度4 mA/cm²、曝气速率30 mL/min、水力停留时间10 min，在此条件下除硬率可达99.9%以上；现
场出水总硬度均值稳定在0.08 mg/L（以CaCO3
计），悬浮物和残余原油的质量浓度均低于2 mg/L，全面优于
行业标准SY/T 0027—2024《稠油注汽系统设计规范》的回用指标要求，采出水处理成本为4.61元/t，低于传
统化学法。通过构建碱性环境供给-碳源转化的协同除硬新体系，在实现硬度去除的同时，将油田回收的CO2
转化为有效碳源，研究成果可为稠油采出水的低碳资源化利用提供创新解决方案。
The high hardness of produced water from heavy oil is the core bottleneck restricting its reuse in steam injection boilers. Therefore, this paper proposes an electrochemical and CO2 injection coupled hardness removal process. By taking the produced water from heavy oil in an oilfield as the research object, a diaphragm electrolysis system is employed to analyze the feasibility of CO2 injection for hardness removal, optimize key parameters such as current density, the aeration rate, and hydraulic retention time, and conduct a field pilot test with a processing scale of 5 m³/h to verify the stability and economic efficiency of the coupled hardness removal process. The results show that CO2 can change the precipitation path from generating hydroxides to generating carbonates, leading to an increase in the hardness removal rate. The optimal parameters are current density of 4 mA/cm2, an aeration rate of 30 mL/min, and hydraulic retention time of 10 min, at which the hardness removal rate can reach over 99.9%. Additionally, the average total hardness of the treated water in the field is maintained at 0.08 mg/L(calculated by CaCO3 ), and the mass concentrations of suspended solids and residual crude oil are both lower than 2 mg/L, which fully meets the reuse indicators required by the industry standard SY/T 0027—2024 Design Specifications for Steam Injection Systems for Heavy Oil. Additionally, the produced water treatment cost is 4.61 yuan/t, which is lower than that of traditional chemical methods. By constructing a new system for collaborative hardness removal with an alkaline environment supply and carbon source conversion, hardness removal is achieved, and the recoverable CO2 from the oilfield is converted into an effective carbon source. The research results can provide innovative solutions for the low-carbon resource utilization of produced water from heavy oil.