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油田采出水核晶造粒工艺处理技术
Treatment technology of nuclear crystal granulation processes for oilfield produced water
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 张军华，姜岳东，齐春明，刘继强，郑 攀
Zhang Junhua, Jiang Yuedong, Qi Chunming, Liu Jiqiang, Zheng Pan
- 作者单位:
- 1.华北油田公司友信勘探开发服务有限公司，河北任丘 062552； 2.华北石油管理局有限公司苏里格勘探开发分公司，内蒙古鄂尔多斯 017300； 3.中国石油山西煤层气勘探开发分公司，山西长治 046000
- 关键词:
- 核晶造粒工艺；采出水；硬度去除；浊度；异相结晶
nuclear crystal granulation process; produced water; hardness removal; turbidity; heterogeneous crystallization
- 摘要:
- 油田采出水软化处理后可用于回配压裂液，传统化学沉淀法存在污泥量大、流程复杂等问题，因此提
出了一种基于铁铝石榴石晶种的两级串联核晶造粒软化工艺。在开展室内实验的基础上，分析诱晶剂浓度、进
水流量、静床高度等参数对Ca2+、Mg2+去除效果及出水浊度的影响，并对晶种和造粒体进行材料表征分析，以
此研究成垢离子的去除机理。结果表明：在进水流量12 L/h、静床高度25 cm及第一级、第二级反应NaOH质
量浓度分别为250、100 mg/L的优化条件下，水样Ca2+质量浓度降至56.2 mg/L，Mg2+质量浓度降至64.6 mg/L，
浊度小于10 NTU，满足压裂返排液回用标准；从反应机理来看，第一级反应以CaCO₃在晶种表面异相结晶为
主，第二级反应形成以Mg(OH)2
为主的致密复合层；与传统化学沉淀法相比，核晶造粒工艺具有更优的硬度去
除效果、更低的出水浊度和更少的污泥残余量。研究成果可为高硬度油田采出水的软化处理提供技术支撑。
The softened produced water from oilfields can be employed for re-combining with fracturing fluids. The traditional chemical precipitation method has problems such as a large amount of sludge and complex processes. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-stage series nuclear crystal granulation softening process based on iron-aluminum garnet seed crystals. Based on indoor experiments, the effects of parameters such as the concentration of inducing agents, inlet water flow rate, and static bed height on the removal effect of Ca²⁺ and Mg2+ and effluent turbidity are analyzed. The materials of seed crystals and granules are characterized, and the removal mechanism of scaling ions is studied. The results show that in the optimized conditions of an inlet water flow rate of 12 L/h, static bed height of 25 cm, and NaOH mass concentrations of 250 and 100 mg/L for the first and second stages of reaction, the mass concentration of Ca2+ in the water sample is reduced to 56.2 mg/L, the mass concentration of Mg2+ is reduced to 64.6 mg/L, and the turbidity is less than 10 NTU, meeting the standard for reusing fracturing flow-back fluid. From the perspective of the reaction mechanism, the first-stage reaction mainly involves heterogeneous crystallization of CaCO3 on the surface of seed crystals, and the second-stage reaction forms a dense composite layer mainly composed of Mg(OH)2 . Compared with the traditional chemical precipitation method, the nuclear crystal granulation process has a better hardness removal effect, lower effluent turbidity, and less residual sludge. The research results can provide technical support for the softening treatment of high-hardness produced water from oilfields.