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基于粒子射线探测成像的内检测技术可行性研究
Feasibility study on internal inspection technology based on particle ray detection imaging
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 邱红辉，李睿，李涵栖，郑健峰，富宽
- 作者单位:
- 1.国家管网集团科学技术研究总院分公司，天津 300457 2.中国石油大学（北京）机械与储运工程学院过程流体过滤与分离技术北京市重点实验室，北京 102249
- 关键词:
- 管道内检测；粒子射线技术；康普顿背散射成像；无损检测
internal inspection of pipeline; particle ray technology; backscatter imaging; non-destructive testing
- 摘要:
- 针对油气管道内部缺陷检测存在裂纹定量表征能力不足、检测手段多依赖接触式传感器等问题，为弥
补漏磁、超声等传统内检测技术在非接触、单侧检测场景下的应用局限性，引入一种基于康普顿背散射效应的
管道内单侧扫描成像检测方法。系统阐释了粒子射线背散射检测技术的系统架构与成像机理，研制出单次扫描
即可获取管道内部完整结构信息的一体化检测装置，并搭建配套实验平台，开展管道及平板试样的背散射成像
实验研究。实验结果表明：该系统可根据不同管壁厚度匹配相应的射线能量段，对于壁厚≥8 mm的钢管，可
实现宽度0.3 mm裂纹、直径3.0 mm圆孔类管壁缺陷的清晰成像；平板对比实验进一步验证，系统可有效识
别埋藏深度1 mm、直径0.8 mm的圆孔缺陷及0.1~0.2 mm宽度的微裂纹，极限分辨能力更优。研究表明，基
于粒子射线背散射的管道内检测技术，在单侧、非接触及缺陷几何特征精准量化方面优势显著，可为在役油气
管道不停输、无开挖工况下的焊缝裂纹精准检测与定量评估提供新型技术支撑。
To address the problems of insufficient quantitative characterization capability of cracks and reliance on contact sensors during the internal defect inspection of oil and gas pipelines and overcome the limitations of traditional internal inspection technologies, such as magnetic flux leakage and ultrasonic, in non-contact and single-side inspection scenarios, a single-side scanning imaging inspection method in pipelines based on the Compton backscattering effect was introduced in this paper. The system architecture and imaging mechanism of the particle ray backscatter inspection technology were systematically expounded. An integrated inspection device capable of acquiring the complete internal structural information of the pipeline in a single scan was developed. Furthermore, a supporting experimental platform was constructed, and experimental studies on backscatter imaging of pipeline and flat plate specimens were conducted. The experimental results indicate that the system can match corresponding ray energy bands according to different pipe wall thicknesses. For pipe bodies with a wall thickness of ≥ 8 mm, clear imaging of cracks with a width of 0.3 mm and circular holes with a diameter of 3.0 mm can be achieved; the comparative experiments on flat plates further verify the inspection resolution capability of the system, which can identify circular holes with a buried depth of 1 mm and a diameter of 0.8 mm and microcracks with a width of 0.1-0.2 mm. The research indicates that the pipeline internal inspection technology based on particle ray backscattering has significant advantages in single-side inspection, non-contact inspection, and precise quantification of defect geometric characteristics, and it can provide new technical support for the precise inspection and evaluation of weld cracks in oil and gas pipelines, especially under trenchless conditions.