常压储罐呼吸阀和液压安全阀存在的问题与解决方案

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作者单位:: 1. 中国石油辽河油田公司, 辽宁盘锦 124010; 2. 中石油油气田高风险装置设施华北检测评价中心, 天津 300280; 3. 重庆理工职业学院, 重庆 401320

关键词:: 常压储罐; 呼吸阀; 液压安全阀; 失效分析; 冻堵卡滞
atmospheric storage tank;breather valve;hydraulic safety valve;failure analysis;freezing blockage

摘要:: 呼吸阀与液压安全阀在寒冷地区冬季失效现象屡有发生，且具有随机突发、隐蔽性强、难以预判等特点，严重威胁常压储罐的运行安全。以在用呼吸阀和液压安全阀为研究对象，通过分析其相关标准规范及运行环境，总结失效原因，提出结构优化思路，并结合生产现场条件给出具体解决方案。同时，结合SY/T 0511—2024《立式圆筒形钢制焊接储罐附件》的实施，剖析该规范主要技术内容变化，以期引起业界对呼吸阀和液压安全阀生产与应用环节的重视。
The failure of the breather valve and the hydraulic safety valve in cold regions in winter happens frequently, and it is random, sudden, not easy to detect, and hard to predict, which seriously threatens the operation safety of the atmospheric storage tank. This paper took the breather valve and hydraulic safety valve as the research object, analyzed the relevant standards and the operating environment, summarized the failure reasons, put forward the structure optimization ideas, and gave the specific solutions based on the production conditions. Meanwhile, in conjunction with the implementation of SY/T 0511—2024 Tank Appurtenances for Vertical Cylindrical Welded Steel Tanks, this paper analyzed the key technical changes in the standard to emphasize industry-wide attention to the production and application of breather valves and hydraulic safety valves.