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海底管道路由区水下施工监测技术研究与应用
Research and application of underwater construction monitoring technology for submarine pipeline route area
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- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2025.S.021
- 作者:
- 淳明浩, 杨肖迪, 白倩, 罗小桥, 徐爽, 李华智
CHUN Minghao, YANG Xiaodi, BAI Qian, LUO Xiaoqiao, XU Shuang, LI Huazhi
- 作者单位:
- 中国石油集团工程技术研究有限公司, 天津 300451
CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Tianjin 300451, China
- 关键词:
- 水下施工; 扫描声呐; 动态监测; 分辨率
underwater construction;scanning sonar;dynamic monitoring;resolution
- 摘要:
- 在海底管道水下施工中，传统的潜水员人工观测方法存在测量成果单一、难以直观描述水下工况、受海况及水体浑浊影响大、水下施工精度不易控制等弊端。为了解决这一问题，将“二维扫描声呐水下测绘技术”引入海底施工实践，并根据这项技术的系统构成、工作原理和功能特性，结合施工船舶特性、施工工序特点及海底地形地貌状况，制订了一套水下施工过程动态监测方案。该方案采用“监测设备舷侧安装+施工器械同侧下放+水下动态扫描与反馈调节+施工船位同步监测联动”的方式开展监测工作，通过优化扫描设备的工作参数，该技术可在0.5~50 m内实现水下施工的动态监测与反馈。经某海底管道工程项目验证，相比同类项目，项目质量得到了显著提升。该技术成果不仅能以实时图像的形式直观呈现水下工况，为施工指挥人员提供实时可视化的参考，还提高了水下施工的精度和效率，具有极高的推广应用价值。
In the underwater construction of submarine pipelines, the traditional method of manual observation by divers has several drawbacks, including single measurement outcomes, difficulty in intuitively describing underwater conditions, significant impact from sea conditions and water turbidity, and difficulty in controlling underwater construction accuracy. To address this issue, the “2D scanning sonar underwater mapping technology” was introduced into submarine construction practice. Based on the system composition, working principle, and functional characteristics of this technology, the characteristics of construction procedures, and the conditions of the seafloor topography and geomorphology, a dynamic monitoring scheme for underwater construction processes was developed. This scheme provides a method for monitoring work that includes “installation of monitoring equipment on the side of the vessel, lowering of construction machinery on the same side, underwater dynamic scanning and feedback adjustment, and synchronized monitoring of the construction vessel's position”. By optimizing the working parameters of the scanning equipment, this technology can achieve dynamic monitoring and feedback of underwater construction within a range of 0.5 to 50 m. Verification by a certain submarine pipeline project has shown that the project quality has been significantly improved compared to similar projects. This technological achievement not only intuitively presents underwater working conditions in the form of real-time images, providing real-time visual reference for construction command personnel, but also enhances the accuracy and efficiency of underwater construction, which makes it highly valuable for promotion and application.