当前位置：首页 > 过刊浏览->2025年第51卷第5期
含蜡原油乳状液管输蜡沉积特性研究
Wax deposition characteristics of waxy crude oil emulsions in pipeline transportation
浏览(610) 下载(9)
- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2025.05.007
- 作者:
- 张振兴
ZHANG Zhenxing
- 作者单位:
- 海洋石油工程股份有限公司设计院, 天津 300000
Design Institute, Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd. (COOEC), Tianjin 300000, China
- 关键词:
- 含蜡原油; 乳状液; 蜡沉积; 环道实验
waxy crude oil;emulsion;wax deposition;loop experiment
- 摘要:
- 油水管道混输是石油运输的主要方式之一，其中蜡沉积是混输过程中存在的主要隐患。采用蜡沉积环道模拟实验装置，探究了含蜡原油及其油包水（W/O）型乳状液在不同工况下的蜡沉积特性。实验结果表明，随着流速增大和含水率提高，沉积层厚度呈现显著减小趋势；通过两种控温方式（固定壁温调节油温或固定油温调节壁温）研究发现，随着油壁温差的减小，沉积层厚度均呈下降趋势。特别值得注意的是，当壁温低于析蜡点且含水率超过20%时，沉积层厚度趋于稳定值，且对外界条件变化的敏感性显著降低。在单相蜡沉积模型的基础上，通过引入水相影响因子，构建了改进的乳状液蜡沉积预测模型，经验证该模型具有良好的预测精度。研究结果可为油水混输管道的安全高效运行与蜡沉积控制提供理论指导。
The transportation of oil-water mixtures through pipelines is a primary method for petroleum delivery, in which wax deposition poses a major operational risk. This study employed a wax deposition loop experimental setup to investigate the wax deposition characteristics of waxy crude oil and its oil-in-water (W/O) emulsions under varying operating conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that the thickness of the deposition layer significantly decreases with increasing flow velocity and water content. By employing two temperature control methods (adjusting oil temperature while fixing wall temperature or vice versa), it is found that the deposition layer thickness decreases as the temperature difference between oil and wall diminishes. Notably, when the wall temperature is below the wax appearance temperature (WAT), and the water content exceeds 20%, the deposition layer thickness stabilizes and becomes significantly less sensitive to external condition variations. Based on the single-phase wax deposition model, an improved predictive model for emulsion wax deposition is developed by introducing a water-phase influencing factor, which exhibits good prediction accuracy upon validation. The findings provide theoretical guidance for the safe and efficient operation of the transportation of oil-water mixtures through pipelines and for wax deposition control.