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多波束底质分类在辅助海底管道路由区冲淤分析中的应用
Application of multibeam sediment classification in assisting analysis of erosion and deposition in routing areas of submarine pipelines
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- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2025.05.001
- 作者:
- 徐佳
XU Jia
- 作者单位:
- 国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司华南分公司, 广东广州 510700
- 关键词:
- 多波束; 底质分类; 海底管道; 冲淤分析
multibeam;sediment classification;submarine pipeline;erosion and deposition analysis
- 摘要:
- 基于多波束反向反射数据的海底底质分类技术，可有效支撑海底冲淤演变分析。利用多波束全覆盖技术，测量了某海底管道路由区内采砂活动遗留的海底凹坑，分析其冲淤动态及演变趋势。测量结果显示，该凹坑形态呈北浅南深特征，北侧水深约25 m，南侧约26 m，中部隆起，水深约20 m。近年观测数据表明，海底凹坑内呈现北侧淤积、中部冲刷、南侧淤积的典型冲淤格局。多波束底质分类结果显示：凹坑北侧表层沉积物以粉土为主，中部和南部主要为细砂与中砂，周围平坦海底为粉土和黏土。工程地质钻孔数据揭示海底凹坑底部原始地层为细砂和中砂。结合区域内海洋动力作用分析，凹坑内北侧淤积物来源于周围平坦海底，而南侧淤积物来源于中部海底冲刷的沉积物。可推测未来在海洋动力持续作用下，海底凹坑将继续维持“北淤、中冲、南淤”的演变模式，直至凹坑内各区域海底深度趋于均一。
Seabed sediment classification technology based on multibeam backscatter data can support the analysis of seabed erosion and deposition evolution. By adopting multibeam full coverage, this paper measures the seabed pits left by sand mining activities in the routing areas of submarine pipelines, and analyzes their erosion and deposition dynamics and evolution trends. The measurement results reveal the pit exhibits a morphological characteristic of being shallower in the north and deeper in the south, with the depth of about 25 m on the northern side, around 26 m on the southern side, and water depth of roughly 20 m in the central part. Recent observational data show that there are characteristics of deposition on the northern side, erosion in the middle side, and deposition on the southern side in the seabed pits. Multibeam sediment classification indicates that the surface sediment on the north side of the pits is mainly silt, while fine sand and medium sand dominate in the middle and south parts, with the majority of silt and clay on the surrounding flat seabed. Engineering geological drilling data demonstrate that the original formation at the seabed pit bottom is medium sand and fine sand. Based on the action analysis of ocean dynamics in the region, the depositional material on the northern side of the seabed pit comes from the surrounding flat seabed, while that on the southern side of the seabed pit is from the depositional material washed away by the middle seabed in the seabed pit. It can be inferred that in the future, under the influence of ocean dynamics, the seabed pit will continue to maintain the evolution pattern of deposition on the northern side, erosion in the central part, and deposition on the southern side until the depth of the seabed on the northern, middle, and southern sides of the seabed pit is uniform.