随着天然气管道建设的快速发展，管道运行中因冲蚀造成的泄漏、破裂风险日益凸显。基于COMSOL多物理场软件粒子追踪接口，采用k-ω湍流模型对管道弯头冲蚀工况进行数值模拟，对比分析了流体介质、弯管角度、弯径比及介质流速等多因素组合工况对弯头冲蚀的影响规律。研究结果表明：流体介质质量密度越大则最大冲蚀速率越小，而最大冲蚀入射锐角则越大；随着弯管弯径比增加，最大冲蚀速率减小；当弯管角度增加时，最大冲蚀速率呈抛物线变化且在45°时达到最大值；介质流速增加，最大冲蚀速率将显著增加。研究成果可为天然气管道的抗冲蚀设计和运行管理提供定量依据。

As the construction of natural gas pipelines rapidly develops, erosion-induced leakage and rupture risks during pipeline operation become increasingly prominent. Based on the tracking interface of COMSOL multi-physics field particles, this paper adopts the k-ω turbulence model to conduct numerical simulations on the erosion condition of the pipeline elbow, and compares and analyzes the influencing laws of several factors, including the fluid media, pipe bending angle, curvature-to-diameter ratio, and flow velocity on elbow erosion. The results show that the larger mass density of fluid media leads to a smaller maximum erosion rate but a larger maximum erosion incidence acute angle, with the maximum erosion rate decreasing with the rising curvature-to-diameter ratio of pipe bending. Additionally, under the increasing pipe bending angle, the maximum erosion rate presents a parabolic change trend, reaching the largest value at 45°. The rising flow velocity of the media leads to a significantly increasing maximum erosion rate. The study provides a quantitative basis for erosion-resistant design and operation management of natural gas pipelines.