管道在试压过程中的承压能力逆转现象
Pressure Reversal of Pipeline Hydraulic Test
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 潘家华
Pan Jiahua
- 作者单位:
- 石油部管道局
- 关键词:
- 摘要:
- 油、气长输和集输管道在试压时,管道的某处曾经受了较高的压力,而在其它处发生破裂,而不得不将管线减压,并对缺陷部位修补后,再重新升压时,就在这曾经受了较高压力之处却在低于以前的压力下发生破裂现象,在国外文献中称这种现象为承压能力逆转(Pressure Reversal)。笔者从力学的观点对这种“承压能力逆转”现象进行了分析:认为管材的断裂韧性、裂纹的形状、循环压力水平及压力保持时间都是影响裂纹的增长和承压能力逆转的主要因素。提出了采用较高的试验压力进行分段试压以及对于间歇输送的管道应把压力或应力限制在稳定扩展曲线以下,即采用高试验压力,低操作压力,增大安全系数的办法来减少承压能力逆转和裂纹稳定扩展的工程措施。
Durlng hydraullt testrng lor long transmission oll and gas pipellne and gatherlng line. Some places of the pipellne can bear hlgher pressure, and others maybe rapture. lt such raptures take place, the plpellne must be depressed and repared, when the pressure is ralsed agaln, the places that beared hlgher prssure will accur rapture on the state of below its lnitlal testing pressure. Such phenomenon calls pressure Reversal in technical documents abroad.In‘the light ol mechmcs, the author analysis such phenomenon and thinks that the rapture toughness of pipeline,the shape of crack ,the level of circulatory pressure and the pressure reserve time a re major factors which influence the crack extension a nd pressu re re ve rsal . The author aIso suggests pressure test should be done in sections with high pressure and limited pressure or stress below its stable extension curve for intermittent transmition pipeline.That is the engineeri ng measures which reduce stability extention of crack andpressure reversal by using high testing pressure，low operation pressure and increasing safety coefficient.1987,1(1): 1-5,11参考文献：
[1]Fedrnehough,G. D·等: Conference of Practi- cal A pplicat ion of Fractuve Mechanics of pressurevessel T echnology"(1971)，P1t9:
[2]R"J"Eiber,Hydrostatie Testing",5tn Sympo-sium on Line Pipe Research, PPMI~M 25，1974:
[3]A·R·Duffy,"Hydrostdtic Testing", 4thSymposium on Line pipe Research, pPH15~H18;
[4]L"E"Brooks,"High pressure Testing-pipelineDefect Behavior and Pressure Reversals", ASMEPublication 68-PET-24，sep, 1968;
[5] Pan Jia-hua(潘家华):Somc Fracture problemsin Pipelines", Papers from Europipe 83.conference, Basle, Switzerland, June 1983，Paper2,
[6]A "R"Daffy等:'Study of Feasibility of Ba-sing Nature Gas Pipeline O perating Pressuve onHydrostatie Test Pressure",AGA Catalogue, NO"L 30050.New fork, Feb 1968。