焊接结构的疲劳断裂失效与防治
Fatigue failure of welding structures and the prevention measures
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- DOI:
- 作者:
- 王宽福
Wang Kuanfu
- 作者单位:
- 浙江大学 310027 浙江省杭州市
Hangzhou, Zhejiang
- 关键词:
Welding;Structure;Fatigue strength;Brittleness;Fatigue failure;Preventive treatment;Measures
- 摘要:
- 疲劳断裂是焊接结构失效的主要形式之一，占失效结构的70%以上，是一种损伤累积的过程，由循环应力、拉应力和塑性应变共同作用而发生，断裂前无明显的预兆，具有低应力脆断的征状，会造成灾难性的后果。本文分析了接头形式、应力、缺陷、热影响区组织和环境等因素对疲劳断裂的影响，认为应力集中是降低焊接接头强度和结构疲劳强度的主要因素，并从抗疲劳设计、减小调整焊接残余应力、改善构件表面质量等方面提出一系列防止焊接结构发生疲劳断裂失效的技术措施。
Fatigue fracture is one of the most frequent failure of welding structures which is over 70%a-mong all the failures, and the brittle failure often occurs under a lower stress than. the designed struc-ture stress, consequently it causes catastrophic event. This paper presents the effects of joint types,stress, defect and cracking flaws, crystal structures and the conditions of heat-affected zone on failurestress. It shows that stress concentration is the determining factor which decreases the fatigue strengthof welding joints and structures. Therefore, some effective technical measures could be taken to pre-vent the welding structures from fatigue failure, such as anti-fatigue designing, minimizing the weld-ing residual stress, and improving the surface qualities of the structures.1996,6(6): 1-6 收稿日期：1996-2-19参考文献：
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