药芯焊丝熔滴过渡特性及其影响因素研究
Study of Metal Transfer Feature of Flux-cored Wire and Its Affecting Factors
浏览(2101) 下载(4)
- DOI:
- 作者:
- 孙咸1, 王红鸿2, 张汉谦1, 王宝1
SUN Xian1, Wang Honghong2, Zhang Hanqian1, Wang Bao1
- 作者单位:
- 1. 太原理工大学焊接材料研究所, 山西太原 030024;
2. 上海交通大学焊接研究所, 上海 200030
Institute of Welding Consumable, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- 关键词:
- 药芯焊丝;熔滴过渡;影响因素
metal transfer;affecting;factor flux-cored wire
- 摘要:
- 采用高速摄影、水中收集熔滴、平板堆焊以及配方设计、化学分析等试验方法，对比研究了典型钛型渣系药芯焊丝的熔滴过渡及其影响因素。基于3种焊丝熔滴过渡特性与工艺性之间的关系，提出改善熔滴过渡特性的新观点，即控制熔滴尺寸是必要条件，而控制熔滴大角度过渡次数、熔滴存在时间和过渡间隔均匀性、熔滴依附渣柱过渡次数等指数是充分条件，二者缺一不可。药芯焊丝的非轴向排斥滴状过渡形态、渣柱直接进入熔池以及电弧区焊丝接口纵向张开现象，可能导致焊接冶金反应不完全和冶金过程新变化。熔滴过渡区的渗Si反应使熔滴氧化增氧，熔滴被细化，有利于改善熔滴过渡特性。建议通过调整药芯组成物、选择焊丝截面形状、改变焊丝直径和钢带厚度、优化焊接工艺参数等措施，改变作用于熔滴上相关力的大小或方向，使熔滴过渡形态得以改善。
The metal transfer of typical rutile flux-cored wire and its affecting factors were contrasted and studied by using such experiments as high-speed camera, collecting droplet in water, bead-on-plate weld, design of compounding formula, and chemical analysis. Based on the relationship between metal transfer and usability, the new concept of improvement of metal transfer is proposed, i.e. controlling the droplet dimension is the necessary condition, controlling such parameters as "the number of big angle metal transfer", "the time of being droplet and the uniformity of metal transfer" and "the number of slag pole-guided metal transfer" are the adequate condition, and neither is dispensable. The mode of non-axial repelled droplet transfer, the phenomenon of slag pole directly plugging into the weld pool as well as the phenomenon of crack opening vertically in the joint of wire may cause welding metallurgy reaction incompletely and the new changes of metallurgy process. The siliconizing reaction adds oxygen to the droplet in the process of droplet transfer, and therefore the droplet is refined, the property of metal transfer is improved. Adjusting the composition of flux-cored, selecting the cross section, changing the size of the wire and the thickness of the metal stripe, optimizing the welding parameters, consequently, direction and strength of the correlative forces upon droplet are altered, the mode of metal transfer is improved.2007,1(1): 49-53 收稿日期：2006-2-19分类号：TG406作者简介：孙咸，男，教授，长期从事焊接材料及金属焊接性方面的研究和教学工作，对焊接材料软件开发具有丰富经验；获国家科技进步二等奖1 项，省（部） 级科技进步一等奖2 项，二等奖3 项，发表学术论文70 多篇；1992年获国务院颁发的政府特殊津贴。参考文献：
[1] 田志凌,潘川,梁东图.药芯焊丝[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1999.
[2] 李桓,曹文山,陈邦固,等.气保护药芯焊丝的熔滴过渡形式及特点[J].焊接学报,2000,21(1):13-16.
[3] 赵丽,张富巨.药芯焊丝电弧焊的熔滴过渡与相关技术特征[J].焊接技术,2002,(增刊):36-39.
[4] 孙咸.国产气保护药芯焊丝的质量问题及对策[J].机械工人(热加工)，2003,(8):15-18.
[5] Muneharu Kutsuna,Mehari Abraham.Metal transfer and spatter loss in double gas shielded metal arc welding using flux-cored wire [J].Transactions of the Japan Welding Society,1989,20(1):2-8.
[6] Fukuhisa Matsuda,Masao Ushio,Tatsuo Tsuji,et al.Arc characteristics and metal transfer for flux-cored electrode in GMAwelding (ReportⅡ)[J].Transactions of JWRI,1980,9(1):39-46.
[7] 孙咸.钛型渣系气保护药芯焊丝的冶金过程与工艺特性探讨[J].机械工人(热加工)，2004,(8):26-28.
[8] Kakhovskii N I. The prevention of weld porosity in the welding of austenitic steels with high-efficiency electrodes [J]. Welding research abroad,1980,26(4):44-48.