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卸油台挡土墙在车辆荷载作用下的稳定性研究
Study on stability of retaining wall at oil unloading platform under vehicle loads
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- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2026.02.010
- 作者:
- 韩羲词, 魏颖, 李健
- 作者单位:
- 中国石油工程建设有限公司北京设计分公司, 北京 100085
- 关键词:
- 车辆荷载; 挡土墙; 土压力; 稳定性; 砂质土; 加固
vehicle load;retaining wall;earth pressure;stability;sandy soil;reinforcement
- 摘要:
- 针对油田卸油台挡土墙需频繁承受重型车辆荷载的特性，以西非沙漠地区某实际工程为依托，开展稳定性研究。采用半正弦波动载模型简化车辆动态荷载，并通过等效换算土层厚度法将其转化为静荷载；基于朗肯土压力理论计算墙后土压力，再对挡土墙进行抗倾覆与抗滑移稳定性验算。结果表明：车辆荷载产生的附加土压力占总主动土压力的47.9%，是墙体所受侧向推力的主要组成部分。挡土墙抗倾覆安全系数为3.11，满足规范要求（≥1.50）；但其抗滑移安全系数仅为1.05，低于规范限值（≥1.30），根源在于基础坐落在砂质土地基，基底摩擦系数偏低。参数敏感性分析显示，抗滑移安全系数对基底摩擦系数高度敏感，而对动载系数的变化敏感度较低。因此，提出一种适用于受限场地的双侧基础拉筋加固方案：采用HRB400级、直径16 mm的钢筋，按2.5 m间距布置。该加固措施可使抗滑移安全系数提升至1.30以上，满足规范要求。研究成果对沙漠砂质土地区同类油气田地面工程的设计与加固具有参考价值。
This study investigated the stability of retaining walls at oil unloading platforms of an oilfield, which are frequently subjected to heavy-duty vehicle loads. A practical project in a West African desert region served as the case study. The vehicle dynamic load was simplified using a semi-sinusoidal dynamic load model and subsequently converted into a static load via the equivalent soil layer thickness method. Earth pressure behind the wall was calculated based on Rankine’s theory, followed by stability assessments against overturning and sliding. The results indicate that the additional earth pressure induced by vehicle loads constitutes 47.2% of the total active earth pressure, representing the primary component of the lateral thrust. The safety factor against overturning is 3.13, which meets the code requirement (≥1.50). However, the safety factor against sliding is only 1.06, failing to satisfy the code requirement (≥1.30); this deficiency is primarily attributed to the low friction coefficient of the sandy soil foundation. Parameter sensitivity analysis reveals that the safety factor against sliding is highly sensitive to the friction coefficient of the foundation, whereas the sensitivity to the dynamic load factor is comparatively minor. To address this issue, a bilateral foundation tie-rod reinforcement scheme, suitable for restricted construction sites, is proposed. This solution utilizes HRB400-grade steel bars with a diameter of 16 mm, arranged at 2.5 m intervals. This reinforcement measure increases the safety factor against sliding to above 1.30, thereby complying with the code. The findings of this research provide valuable references for the design and reinforcement of similar oil and gas field surface engineering projects in desert sandy soil regions.