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集输站场油气回收工艺设计与分析
Design and analysis of oil and gas recovery process for gathering and transportation stations
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- DOI:
- 10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2025.06.006
- 作者:
- 耿亮, 高海涛, 于浩, 窦勤光, 张志, 梁昌晶
GENG Liang, GAO Haitao, YU Hao, DOU Qinguang, ZHANG Zhi, LIANG Changjing
- 作者单位:
- 1. 中国石油华北油田公司第五采油厂, 河北辛集 052360;、2. 中国石油华北油田公司第一采油厂, 河北任丘 062552
1. The Fifth Oil Production Plant of Huabei Oilfield Company, CNPC, Xinji 052360, China;2. The First Oil Production Plant of Huabei Oilfield Company, CNPC, Renqiu 062552, China
- 关键词:
- 集输站场; 油气回收; 冷凝法; 闪蒸分离; 能耗优化
gathering and transportation station;oil and gas recovery;condensation;flash separation;energy optimization
- 摘要:
-
集输站场在原油储存、装卸和运输过程中因轻组分泄漏会导致资源浪费与环境污染问题。通过分析不同类型储罐的油气组成，明确轻烃组分以C4H10、C5H12、C6H14为主，且惰性气体与水蒸气对工艺存在干扰。借助软件进行回收工艺流程模拟可知：在-100～30℃的温区，增压对油气回收效率的影响较大；在低于-100℃的温区，增压对油气回收效率的影响较小，原油储罐油气组分通过增压冷凝实现油气回收的难度更大。根据冷凝温度、冷凝压力对系统性能影响的研究结果，设计了集成增压冷凝与闪蒸分离的新型工艺，可降低工艺能耗并提升热集成度。在同等回收效率和尾气浓度下，新型工艺能耗较郭霆工艺、詹飞龙工艺分别降低68.2%、56.2%，热力学效率更优。现场实验结果表明：新型工艺现场运行情况稳定，油气平均回收效率达97.45%，尾气平均质量浓度达24.38 g/m3，且对组分波动适应性强，适用于集输站场复杂油气回收场景。
During the storage and loading/unloading of oil and gas at gathering and transportation stations, resource waste and environmental pollution are caused by the leakage of light components. Based on the analysis of the monitoring data of oil and gas components in different storage tanks, the light hydrocarbon components were determined to be mainly C4H10, C5H12, and C6H14, and interference of inert gases and water vapor with the process was detected. Software was applied to stimulate the recovery process. Simulation results show that in the temperature range of-100 ℃ to 30 ℃, pressurization has a significant impact on the efficiency of oil and gas recovery. In the temperature range below-100 ℃, the influence of pressurization on the efficiency of oil and gas recovery is relatively small, and it is more difficult to achieve oil and gas recovery of oil and gas components in crude oil storage tanks through pressurization condensation. Based on the analysis result of the influence of condensing temperature and condensing pressure on the system performance, a new process integrating pressurized condensing and flash evaporation separation was designed to reduce process energy consumption and improve thermal integration. According to the field experiment result, under the same recovery efficiency and tail gas concentration, the energy consumption of the newly proposed process is reduced by 68.2% and 56.2%, respectively, compared with the processes of Guo Ting et al. and Zhan Feilong et al., with a better thermodynamic efficiency. The on-site operation of this process is stable, with an average oil and gas recovery efficiency of 97.45% and an average tail gas concentration of 24.38 g/m3. It also has strong adaptability to component fluctuations and is suitable for complex oil and gas recovery scenarios in gathering and transportation stations.